The use of the Dangerous Decibels® program for refrigeration company workers and their children: an intergenerational pilot study / Uso do programa Dangerous Decibels® para trabalhadores de empresa frigorífica e seus filhos: estudo piloto intergeracional

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the use of the Dangerous Decibels® program for workers of a refrigeration company and their children as an intervention strategy for hearing health. Methods: an intervention study conducted in the city of Chapecó, SC, Brazil. Eight workers from a refrigeration company and their children participated in the study. The strategies adopted were those proposed by the Dangerous Decibels® program. Results: the Dangerous Decibels® program strategies contributed to the reflection on noise and favored interaction among participants. Workers and their children mutually committed to protecting and preserving hearing by passing on the knowledge gained to other family members, friends, and co-workers. The three basic principles of the Dangerous Decibels® program adopted by the participants were: Move away from noise, turn down the volume and protect the ears. Conclusion: the Dangerous Decibels® program developed in an intergenerational context was well received and accepted by workers and their children. As an educational intervention strategy for hearing health, it proved to be viable, convenient and with adequate content to be used simultaneously in populations of different age groups.

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar o uso do programa Dangerous Decibels® para trabalhadores de uma empresa frigorífica e seus filhos como estratégia de intervenção em saúde auditiva. Métodos: o estudo caracteriza-se como um estudo de intervenção, realizado na cidade de Chapecó, no estado de Santa Catarina. Participaram do estudo, oito trabalhadores de uma empresa frigorífica e seus filhos. Foram utilizadas as estratégias propostas pelo Programa Dangerous Decibels®. Resultados: as estratégias do programa Dangerous Decibels®, contribuíram para a reflexão sobre o ruído e favoreceram a interação entre os participantes. Os trabalhadores e seus filhos assumiram o compromisso mútuo de proteger e preservar a audição, levando adiante o conhecimento adquirido para os demais familiares, amigos e colegas de trabalho. Os três princípios básicos do programa Dangerous Decibels®: afastar-se do ruído, abaixar o volume e proteger os ouvidos, foram adotados pelos participantes. Conclusão: o programa Dangerous Decibels® desenvolvido em um contexto intergeracional, foi bem recebido e aceito pelos trabalhadores e seus filhos. Como estratégia de intervenção educativa em saúde auditiva, ele mostrou-se viável, conveniente e com conteúdo adequado para ser usado simultaneamente em populações com faixas etárias diferentes.

Study of the prevalence of impaired hearing and its determinants in the city of Itajaí, Santa Catarina State, Brazil.

UNLABELLED: The number of people with impaired hearing is increasing; knowing its magnitude is essential for public health. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and determinants of impaired hearing in Itajaí/SC. METHODS: A population-based survey based on a World Health Organization protocol. Field research was carried out from July 2008 to 2011. Procedures for evaluating hearing in households: questionnaire, measurement of noise, otoscopy, pure tone audiometry at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes: individuals above 4 years; children under 4 years: evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAE), cocleo-palpebral reflex(CPR), tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes. In the elderly population a questionnaire of perception of hearing loss was applied. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 379 individuals--45.38% were males and 54.62% were females. Age-range: 11.34% up to 10 years; 64.39% 10 to 60 years, 24.27% over 60 years. Evaluation of the best hearing ear showed that 74.1% of residents had normal hearing, 18.9% had mild hearing loss, 5.1% had moderate hearing loss, 1.9% had severe hearing loss. Disabling impaired hearing was detected in 26 subjects: one child (otitis media); four adults (one otitis, one noise-induced, two idiopathic); 21 elderlies (presbyacusis). Of eight children under 4 years all presented CPR, three were normal examinations, two had absent OAE bilaterally, one had absent OAE in the right ear and one in the left ear. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of disabling impaired hearing in Itajaí was 7%; the highest prevalence was in the 50-year and above age group--the main cause was presbyacusis.

Estudo da prevalência e fatores determinantes da deficiência auditiva no município de Itajaí, SC / Study of the prevalence of impaired hearing and its determinants in the city of Itajaí, Santa Catarina State, Brazil

O número de pessoas com deficiência auditiva vem aumentando e o conhecimento de sua magnitude é fundamental no planejamento das gestões públicas em saúde. OBJETIVO: Estudar a prevalência e os determinantes da deficiência auditiva no Município de Itajaí/SC. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi de amostragem populacional, seguindo protocolo da Organização Mundial de Saúde. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada entre julho de 2008 e 2011. Procedimentos realizados nos domicílios: questionário, medição do ruído, otoscopia, limiares auditivos em 1000, 2000 e 4000 Hertz, timpanometria e reflexos acústicos: indivíduos acima de 4 anos; crianças até 4 anos: emissões otoacústicas evocadas (OEA), reflexo cócleo-palpebral (RCP), timpanometria e reflexos acústicos. Nos idosos, aplicou-se questionário de percepção da perda auditiva. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi constituída por 379 indivíduos; 45,38% do sexo masculino e 54,62% feminino. Quanto às faixas-etárias: 11,34% até 10 anos; 64,39% 10 a 60 anos e 24,27% acima de 60 anos. Avaliando-se a audição da melhor orelha, os moradores apresentaram: 74,1% audição normal, 18,9% deficiência auditiva leve, 5,1% moderada, 1,9% grave. As deficiências auditivas incapacitantes foram detectadas em 26 indivíduos: uma criança (otite média); quatro adultos (um otite média, um induzido por ruído, dois idiopáticas); 21 idosos (presbiacusia). Das oito crianças menores de 4 anos avaliadas, todas apresentaram RCP presente, três exames normais, duas OEA ausentes bilateralmente, uma OEA ausentes à direita e uma ausentes à esquerda. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de deficiência auditiva incapacitante em Itajaí foi de 7%, com predominância acima dos 50 anos e tendo como principal causa a presbiacusia.

The number of people with impaired hearing is increasing; knowing its magnitude is essential for public health. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and determinants of impaired hearing in Itajaí/SC. METHODS: A population-based survey based on a World Health Organization protocol. Field research was carried out from July 2008 to 2011. Procedures for evaluating hearing in households: questionnaire, measurement of noise, otoscopy, pure tone audiometry at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes: individuals above 4 years; children under 4 years: evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAE), cocleo-palpebral reflex(CPR), tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes. In the elderly population a questionnaire of perception of hearing loss was applied. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 379 individuals - 45.38% were males and 54.62% were females. Age-range: 11.34% up to 10 years; 64.39% 10 to 60 years, 24.27% over 60 years. Evaluation of the best hearing ear showed that 74.1% of residents had normal hearing, 18.9% had mild hearing loss, 5.1% had moderate hearing loss, 1.9% had severe hearing loss. Disabling impaired hearing was detected in 26 subjects: one child (otitis media); four adults (one otitis, one noise-induced, two idiopathic); 21 elderlies (presbyacusis). Of eight children under 4 years all presented CPR, three were normal examinations, two had absent OAE bilaterally, one had absent OAE in the right ear and one in the left ear. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of disabling impaired hearing in Itajaí was 7%; the highest prevalence was in the 50-year and above age group - the main cause was presbyacusis.

Temporal resolution in children: comparing normal hearing, conductive hearing loss and auditory processing disorder.

UNLABELLED: Temporal resolution is essential to speech acoustic perception. It may be altered in subjects with auditory disorders, thus impairing the development of spoken and written language. AIM: The goal was to compare temporal resolution of children with normal hearing, with those bearing conductive hearing loss and auditory processing disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample had 31 children, between 7 and 10 years of age, broken down into three groups: G1: 12 subjects with normal hearing; G2: 7 with conductive hearing loss and G3: 12 subjects with auditory processing disorders. This study was clinical and experimental. Selection procedures were: a questionnaire to be answered by the parents/guardians, audiologic and hearing processing evaluation. The study procedure was the test to detect breaks in silence at 50 dB HL above the mean values of 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz in both ears in 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz. To analyze the data we used the Wilcoxon Test with a 1% significance level. RESULTS: We noticed a difference between G1 and G2 and between G1 and G3 in all the frequencies. On the other hand, this difference was not seen between G2 and G3. CONCLUSION: conductive hearing loss and auditory processing disorders can impact break detection thresholds.

Resolução temporal de crianças: comparação entre audição normal, perda auditiva condutiva e distúrbio do processamento auditivo / Temporal resolution in children: comparing normal hearing, conductive hearing loss and auditory processing disorder

A resolução temporal é essencial na percepção acústica da fala, podendo estar alterada nos distúrbios auditivos gerando prejuízos no desenvolvimento da linguagem. OBJETIVO: Comparar a resolução temporal de crianças com audição normal, perda auditiva condutiva e distúrbios do processamento auditivo. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: A amostra foi de 31 crianças de 07 a 10 anos, divididas em três grupos: G1: 12 com audição normal, G2: sete com perda auditiva condutiva e G3: 12 com distúrbio do processamento auditivo. Os procedimentos de seleção foram: questionário aos responsáveis, avaliação audiológica e do processamento auditivo. O procedimento de pesquisa foi o teste de detecção de intervalos no silêncio realizado a 50 dB NS acima da média de 500, 1000 e 2000Hz na condição binaural em 500, 1000, 2000 e 4000Hz. Na análise dos dados foi utilizado o Teste de Wilcoxon, com nível de significância de 1%. RESULTADO: Observou-se que houve diferença entre os G1 e G2 e entre os G1 e G3 em todas as freqüências. Por outro lado, esta diferença não foi observada entre os G2 e G3. CONCLUSÃO A perda auditiva condutiva e o distúrbio do processamento auditivo têm influência no limiar de detecção de intervalos.

Temporal resolution is essential to speech acoustic perception. It may be altered in subjects with auditory disorders, thus impairing the development of spoken and written language. AIM: The goal was to compare temporal resolution of children with normal hearing, with those bearing conductive hearing loss and auditory processing disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample had 31 children, between 7 and 10 years of age, broken down into three groups: G1: 12 subjects with normal hearing; G2: 7 with conductive hearing loss and G3: 12 subjects with auditory processing disorders. This study was clinical and experimental. Selection procedures were: a questionnaire to be answered by the parents/guardians, audiologic and hearing processing evaluation. The study procedure was the test to detect breaks in silence at 50 dB HL above the mean values of 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz in both ears in 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz. To analyze the data we used the Wilcoxon Test with a 1% significance level. RESULTS: We noticed a difference between G1 and G2 and between G1 and G3 in all the frequencies. On the other hand, this difference was not seen between G2 and G3. CONCLUSION: conductive hearing loss and auditory processing disorders can impact break detection thresholds.

Estudo comparativo da história clínica e da polissonografia na síndrome da apnéia/ hipopnéia obstrutiva do sono / Comparative study between clinical history and polysomnogram in the obstructive sleep apnea/ hypopnea syndrome

O reconhecimento dos distúrbios respiratórios do sono tem aumentado a cada ano. Manifestações, como o ronco, consideradas meros incômodos vêm adquirindo importância no que diz respeito à qualidade de vida e seu impacto social. OBJETIVO: Comparar a história clínica com os resultados da polissonografia (PSG), na Síndrome da Apnéia/Hipopnéia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAHOS), é o principal objetivo deste trabalho. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo, com 125 pacientes, através da análise de questionários específicos, IMC e Escala de Epworth. RESULTADOS: Dentre os pacientes, 75 eram do sexo masculino e 50 do feminino. O principal sintoma foi a roncopatia. 46 por cento apresentaram PSG normais, 30 por cento SAHOS leve, 15 por cento moderada e 9 por cento severa, não se evidenciando correlação estatística entre a clínica e a PSG. Dentre as queixas, somente a insônia foi relevante, em análise univariada e em pacientes normais e com SAHOS leve (p<0,05), comparada aos pacientes com SAHOS moderada e severa, perdendo sua importância quando analisada na presença de outros fatores. CONCLUSÃO: A história clínica, por si só, não é suficiente para a definição do diagnóstico ou do grau de severidade dos casos de SAHOS.

Recognizing sleep-disordered breathing is on the rise every year. Manifestations, such as snoring, that were earlier considered mere inconvenients are now acquiring greater importance concerning life quality and social impact. AIM OF THE STUDY: To compare the clinical history to polysomnogram (PSG) results in the Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 125 patients were analyzed, in a retrospective study. Specific questionnaires, avaliations of Body Mass Index and Epworth Scale were carried out. RESULTS: Among the patients, 75 were males and 50 were females. The main symptom was snoring. 46 percent had normal PSG, 30 percent had light OSAHS, 15 percent moderate and 9 percent severe OSAHS and it was not observed a correlation between clinical data and PSG results. Concerning clinical symptoms, only insomnia has shown relevance when univariably analyzed in normal and light OSAHS patients (p<0,05) compared to patients with moderate and severe OSAHS, losing its importance when analyzed together with other factors. CONCLUSION: the clinical history, per se, is not sufficient to define OSAHS' diagnosis or it's severity.